These victories insured the United States was within air striking distance of the Japanese mainland. In these most bloody conflicts, the United States had sustained more than 75,000 casualties. was engaged in heavy fighting with the Japanese at Iwo Jima and Okinawa. The Pacific war would receive full attention from the United States War Department. With the advent of the nuclear age, new dilemmas in the art of warfare arose. The world's first atomic bomb had been detonated. The explosion carrying more power than 20,000 tons of TNT and visible for more than 200 miles succeeded. Groves of Oppenheimer, in a memorandum for Secretary of War Stimson. "For the last few seconds, he stared directly ahead and when the announcer shouted Now!' and there came this tremendous burst of light followed abruptly there after by the deep growling of the explosion, his face relaxed into an expression of tremendous relief," recalled General L. Years of secrecy, research, and tests were riding on this moment. Robert Oppenheimer, director of the Manhattan Project, could hardly breathe. In the early morning hours of July 16, 1945, great anticipation and fear ran rampant at White Sands Missile Range near Alamogordo, New Mexico. National History Day Workshops from the National Archives.Electing Our Presidents Teacher Workshop.
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